Russia’s Supreme Court on Thursday will designate LGBTQ activists as “extremists” and ban their activities, in the latest move against expressions of sexual and gender orientations in Russia, Deutsche Well reported.
The Ministry of Justice had called for the popularity of the “international LGBT social movement” as extremist and for its activities to be banned.
Both he and the Ministry of Justice referred to a “movement” in their statements.
The ministry filed a lawsuit earlier this month because the government had known of “signs and manifestations of an extremist nature” from an LGBTQ “movement” operating in Russia.
Ruling on the lawsuit, the ministry said such activism included “inciting social and devout discord. “However, he did not provide any important details or proof.
‘Non-existent organization’
Max Olenichev, a human rights lawyer who works with Russia’s LGBTQ community, highlighted the ministry’s text in remarks to the Associated Press (AP) news firm ahead of the hearing.
“Although the Ministry of Justice requires that a non-existent organization, the ‘International LGBT Civic Movement’, be labeled as extremist, in practice there may be occasions when the Russian authorities, with this court ruling in hand, apply “opposes LGBTQ projects operating in Russia, considering them a component of this civic movement,” Olenichev said.
The Supreme Court held the hearings behind closed doors and there were no defendants in the case.
According to the AP, some LGBTQ activists tried to sign up for the lawsuit claiming it was about their rights, but the court denied their request.
Gay activist flees Russia to Germany
Russia’s crackdown on LGBTQ rights
In 2013, Russia passed its first law on LGBTQ rights. Since then, the country has passed several laws to suppress these rights.
Last year, Russia’s parliament passed the so-called “gay propaganda” law that made it illegal to refer to LGBTQ relationships indirectly.
Lawmakers passed a law earlier this year to ban gender transition procedures and gender-affirming care.
The law prohibits the substitution of sex in official documents and public records, and amends the Russian Family Code by substituting sex in the directory as a ground for annulment of marriage.
After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia eased some of its anti-LGBT laws. Notably, same-sex relationships were decriminalized in 1993. Transgender Russians have also been allowed to replace their legal gender on their identity documents since 1997. Many obstacles obstruct the procedure and invasive surgical needs remain. Despite those liberalization trends in the early post-Soviet period, in recent years the Russian government has consistently denied entry to Pride parades, intimidated and arrested LGBT activists, and tolerated anti-LGBT statements. through government officials. ILGA-Europe, the European bankruptcy of the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, ranks Russia as the least protective country in Europe towards LGBT citizens, placing it 49th out of 49 European countries evaluated. in its annual survey.
In June 2013, the Russian Duma in Moscow passed a new law banning “propaganda of non-traditional sexual relations” among minors. The new federal law is strongly linked to several regional laws already in place, all of which aim to criminalize “propaganda. “in favor of homosexuality, with the aim of “protecting” minors. The city of Sochi, which will host the next Winter Olympics, has one such regional law. And while regional legislations are not uniform, such as the new federal law, they all have a tendency to propose confusing definitions of propaganda that lend themselves to continually attacking and persecuting the country’s LGBT community. The language of this new law focuses on “non-traditional” sexual relations, in contrast to the language of “traditional” sexual relations. values” or “traditional family” that Russia promotes at the UN to oppose positive statements that support the human rights of LGBT people.
It is too early to say how aggressively the new federal law will be enforced, however, several government officials have warned of a strong intent to enforce the legislation, adding the upcoming Sochi Olympics and LGBT activists themselves, who even have the intention to challenge human rights law. . rights reasons. Furthermore, although the law recommends that only data intended for young people deserves to hold an individual or organization accountable, prosecutions under similar legislation in the regions have not focused on this link with young people. Youth and the federal law’s increased emphasis on the Internet, where minors have the ability to view such data, recommend that the law be implemented broadly and without regard to children’s perceived protection. LGBT citizens and activists in Russia are increasingly concerned, as this law is implemented at a time and in an environment of increasing violence and hatred against LGBT people and where LGBT defenders are subject to harassment. fines and prosecution as “foreign agents. ”
History of LGBT in Russia
In 1989, before the collapse of the USSR, 31% of the Russian population said in polls that homosexuals would be executed, and 32% that they would be isolated. Only 12% said they would be left alone. However, the numbers are changing slightly: In a 1994 survey, 23% said homosexuals would be killed, 24% said they would be isolated, and 29% said they would be left alone.
Medieval Russia was said to be very tolerant of homosexuality, and foreign visitors were surprised by displays of affection between homosexuals. The first laws against homosexuals in Russia were passed in the 18th century, during the reign of Peter the Great, but only as part of the soldiers’ legislation. Army Statutes.
In 1832, the penal code included Article 99 five, which stipulated that “muzhelozhstvo,” or mendacity of men with men, was a criminal act punishable by exile in Siberia for up to five years. Courts have interpreted men sleeping with men to mean sex. of that legislation was uncommon, and the turn of the century saw a remnant of that legislation and a general increase in tolerance and visibility.
After the October Revolution, the Bolshevik regime decriminalized homosexuality. The Bolsheviks rewrote the charter and “produced two penal codes, in 1922 and 1926, and in both cases an article forbidding homosexual relations was omitted. “The new Communist Party government has abolished the old legislation regarding sexual relations, thus legalizing gay and transgender activity in Russia, although it remains illegal in other territories of the Soviet Union, and gays in Russia are still persecuted and fired from their jobs. Under Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union recriminalized homosexuality in a decree signed in 1933. The new Article 121, which punished “muzhelozhstvo” with prison sentences of up to five years, provided for searches and arrests. Homosexual women were sent to psychiatric institutions. The decree was part of a larger decree. Crusade against “deviant” custom and “Western degeneration”. Discrimination against LGBT people persisted throughout the Soviet era, and homosexuality was not officially degraded as an intellectual disease until 1999.
Soviet Article 121 was used to impose harsher criminal sentences and control dissidents. Among the defendants are prominent director Sergei Parajanov and poet Gennady Trifonov. Under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev, in the late 1980s, the first homosexual organization emerged. The Moscow Gay and Lesbian Alliance was headed by Yevgeny Debryanskaya and Roman Kalinin, who became editors of the first officially registered homosexual newspaper, Tema. The fall of the USSR accelerated the advance of the homosexual movement in Russia. Gay publications and plays appeared. In 1993, a new Russian Criminal Code was signed, without Article 121. The incriminated men began to be released.
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